![]() Barker left, leaving Simmons - a teenager - to raise her child alone in Yonkers. Born in Mount Vernon, N.Y., in 1970, he was the only son of Arnett Simmons and Joe Barker. ![]() The moral price of life in a fallen world was not a thought exercise for Simmons, who died this past April of a cocaine-induced heart attack. The rapper was obsessed with how this quandary could hollow him out and ultimately consume him - thus his stage name, “DMX,” an acronym for “Dark Man X.” The title suggests a man thrown into dangerous circumstances without the benefit of guidance from a higher power, where the only way to survive is to accept a devil’s bargain: Life here on Earth is possible, but only if he submits to a moral darkness that will condemn him to hell. I hear an echo of Milton’s dark world in not only the title of the rapper Earl Simmons’s 1998 debut album, “It’s Dark and Hell Is Hot,” but in the tortured substance of his concerns. ![]() In “Sonnet 19,” the poet John Milton agonized over the loss of his vision, bemoaning the prospect that he would spend “half my days, in this dark world and wide,” bereft not only of his sight but of spiritual purpose. His music seethed with aggression and the kind of pain Black men rarely get to air in public. ![]()
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